Yoga Sutra 1.13, expressed in Sanskrit as “तत्र स्थितौ यत्नोऽभ्यासः” (tatra sthitau yatno’bhyāsaḥ), translates to “Of these, practice is the effort to secure steadiness.” This sutra defines abhyāsa (practice) as the sustained and deliberate effort to maintain the steadiness or tranquility of the mind. Steadiness here implies an undisturbed, calm mind that remains free from modifications or fluctuations. The sutra highlights practice not as mere repetition but as consistent, focused energy directed toward stabilizing the mind’s flow and activity to attain inner calmness and equilibrium.
The Essence of Practice (Abhyāsa)
Abhyāsa in this context means more than casual or occasional practice; it signifies an unwavering, dedicated effort to establish and maintain mental stillness. It requires continuous striving to fix the mind steadily on a state of control and tranquility.
This practice aims to stop the mind’s dispersive tendencies and distractions, leading to mastery over mental modifications and fluctuations. The effort is both external and internal — it means turning attention inward and holding the mind firmly in that inner space, which Patanjali terms “there” as the place of steadiness.
Practice in Relation to the Goal of Yoga
Sutra 1.13 follows Sutra 1.12, which emphasizes that through practice (abhyāsa) and non-attachment (vairāgya), one controls the mind’s modifications. The “there” in 1.13 refers to the meditative or higher state of consciousness one aspires to reach through yoga.
Hence, abhyāsa involves repeatedly bringing the mind back to this goal, developing a habit of focusing on the ultimate aim of yoga — a steady, clear state of awareness and presence. This sustained effort builds the foundation for deeper yogic states and self-realization.
Commentary Perspectives on Abhyāsa
Various classical commentaries shed light on this sutra’s meaning. Vyāsa explains abhyāsa as the energy and aspiration towards the undisturbed calmness of the mind. Swami Vivekananda describes it as a continuous struggle to keep the mind perfectly restrained from fluctuation. Modern teachers interpret it as grounded and devoted effort to cultivate a steady awareness, which over time becomes a firm, natural state of being rather than a forced action. The essential aspect of abhyāsa is perseverance and an unyielding dedication to the practice over time, making it a core pillar in the yogic path.
Summary
Yoga Sutra 1.13 unveils the deep dimension of what practice means in Yoga. It is the relentless, focused effort to hold the mind steady and free from disruptions, creating the conditions for spiritual growth and liberation. This practice is not sporadic but continuous, patient, and aligned with the yogi’s ultimate goal of mental clarity and inner peace. Thus, abhyāsa becomes a lifelong commitment to cultivating an undisturbed mind, foundational to all higher yogic achievements.
